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Cryptographic Hash Function

A one-way mathematical algorithm that converts data into a fixed-size string, used for integrity verification and password storage.

CryptographyAlso called: "hash function", "hashing algorithm"

Hash functions create unique "fingerprints" of data that cannot be reversed to reveal the original input.

Common algorithms

  • SHA-256, SHA-512 for general-purpose hashing.
  • bcrypt, Argon2 for password hashing with built-in salting.
  • MD5, SHA-1 are deprecated due to collision vulnerabilities.

Use cases

  • Verify file integrity after downloads.
  • Store passwords securely without keeping plaintext.
  • Create digital signatures and certificates.
  • Detect duplicate data without comparing full content.