JSON Schema

JSON Schema provides a contract for JSON data, enabling validation and documentation.

Core capabilities

• Define required and optional fields.
• Specify data types (string, number, boolean, array, object).
• Set value constraints (min/max, patterns, enums).
• Nest schemas for complex structures.
• Reference and reuse schema definitions.

Example schema

{
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "name": {"type": "string"},
    "age": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 0}
  },
  "required": ["name"]
}

Use cases

• API request/response validation.
• Configuration file validation.
• Form generation and validation.
• Documentation generation.
• Code generation from schemas.

Benefits

• Catch data errors early.
• Self-documenting data structures.
• Consistent validation across systems.
• IDE autocomplete and hints.