CWE-862: Missing Authorization

ClassIncompleteExploit Likelihood: High🏆 #10 in Top 25 (2024)

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

View on MITRE
1,168Related CVEs
15.60Severity Score
Back to CWE Lookup

Technical Details

Structure
Simple

Applicable To

Languages
Not Language-Specific
Platforms

🏆 CWE Top 25 Historical Ranking

2023:#11
Score: 6.90
1,054 CVEs
2024:#10↑1
Score: 15.60
1,168 CVEs
Trend:Worsening (moved down 1 ranks)

Source-backed guidance

Additional facts reviewed against primary or authoritative security sources.

Combine review and analysis around the CWE-862 trust boundary

MITRE identifies automated static analysis, automated dynamic analysis, manual analysis as applicable detection approaches. Use them to enumerate every route, method, object, and alternate protocol and identify handlers that reach protected operations without an authorization decision. Require a reproducible source-to-sink or policy-to-enforcement trace, record coverage gaps, and confirm suspected findings dynamically where safe; no single scanner can establish complete coverage for this weakness.

CWE-862: detection methods and operational guidanceMITRE CWE

Enforce authorization before every protected operation

Deny by default and enforce authorization in trusted server-side code before every protected operation. Centralize policy where practical, minimize cross-origin access, invalidate tokens after logout, and log denied requests. Treat an authenticated identity as input to the authorization decision, not proof that the user may invoke the requested function or access the requested object.

OWASP Top 10:2025 A01 Broken Access ControlOWASP Foundation

Apply lessons from CVE-2024-57726 in SimpleHelp

NVD maps CVE-2024-57726 to CWE-862; low-privileged technicians could create API keys with excessive permissions and use them to escalate to the server-administrator role. Use the case to test authorization on credential-creation APIs, constrain delegated scopes, and verify that a caller cannot mint credentials stronger than its own effective permissions.

CVE-2024-57726 DetailNIST National Vulnerability Database

Prioritize CWE-862 using its 2025 CWE Top 25 evidence

CWE-862 ranked #4 in the 2025 CWE Top 25 with a score of 13.28. The ranking table recorded no mapped vulnerabilities in CISA KEV for this measurement window. Use the rank to prioritize systemic prevention, detection coverage, and recurring-root-cause metrics across the portfolio, while retaining asset exposure and business impact for individual finding severity decisions.

2025 CWE Top 25 Most Dangerous Software WeaknessesMITRE CWE

Exercise authorization on every request and object

Define the permitted operations for each combination of user, resource, and relevant attributes, then test both horizontal and vertical privilege boundaries. Deny access by default and validate permission on every request, regardless of whether it originates in a browser, AJAX client, or server-side call. Centralize enforcement where possible so one unprotected handler cannot bypass the policy.

Authorization Cheat SheetOWASP Foundation

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CWE-862: Missing Authorization?+

CWE-862: Missing Authorization is a Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) entry maintained by MITRE. The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

Is CWE-862 in the CWE Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Weaknesses?+

Yes. CWE-862 ranked #10 in the CWE Top 25 for 2024, associated with 1,168 CVEs that year. The CWE Top 25 highlights the most common and impactful software weaknesses based on real-world vulnerability data.

What are the security consequences of Missing Authorization?+

If exploited, CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) it can compromise Confidentiality, Integrity, Access Control and Availability, leading to outcomes such as Read Application Data, Read Files or Directories, Modify Application Data, Modify Files or Directories, Gain Privileges or Assume Identity and Bypass Protection Mechanism.

How do you prevent or mitigate Missing Authorization?+

Recommended mitigations for CWE-862 include: Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries. Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role. Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7]. For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page. One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.

How is Missing Authorization detected?+

CWE-862 can be detected using Automated Dynamic Analysis, Manual Analysis, Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode, Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation, Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation and Manual Static Analysis - Source Code. Combining automated tooling with manual review typically yields the best coverage.

Which programming languages are affected by Missing Authorization?+

CWE-862 commonly affects Not Language-Specific. Note that weaknesses are often language-agnostic patterns, so secure coding practices apply broadly.

What are real-world examples of Missing Authorization?+

MITRE documents real CVEs mapped to CWE-862, including CVE-2026-32228, CVE-2024-6845, CVE-2025-2224, CVE-2022-24730 and CVE-2009-3168. You can look up the full details of each CVE, including CVSS scores and remediation guidance, on our CVE Lookup tool.

What is the difference between a CWE and a CVE?+

A CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) like CWE-862 describes a category of software weakness — the underlying flaw type. A CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) identifies a specific, real-world vulnerability in a particular product. In short, a CWE is the kind of mistake, and a CVE is an instance of that mistake being found in software.

Learn More

Advertisement
CWE-862: Missing Authorization | #10 in CWE Top 25 2024 | CWE Lookup | InventiveHQ