NetworkingAlso called: "subnet", "network mask", "cidr"
Subnet masks define which part of an IP address represents the network and which represents individual hosts.
CIDR notation
- /24 = 255.255.255.0 (256 addresses, 254 usable).
- /16 = 255.255.0.0 (65,536 addresses).
- /8 = 255.0.0.0 (16,777,216 addresses).
Subnetting benefits
- Efficient IP address allocation.
- Network segmentation for security and performance.
- Isolation of broadcast domains.
- Simplified routing and management.
Calculations
- Network address: IP AND subnet mask.
- Broadcast address: Last IP in the range.
- Usable hosts: Total addresses - 2 (network + broadcast).
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